LIQUID IRON SUPPLEMENT FLORADIX SKIN

Īccording to the WHO, iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder affecting as much as 20% of the global population. The absorption process is sensitive to various factors, dietary and otherwise, that may impede this process leading to insufficient absorption and consequent iron deficiency.

Haem iron uptake occurs via an as yet unclarified mechanism which may involve the folate channel HCP1. Divalent proton-coupled metal iron transporter (DMT1) then transports ferrous iron across the apical membrane into the enterocyte, where it is either complexed within the storage protein ferritin, or transported into circulation across the basolateral membrane via the transmembrane transporter ferroportin (Ireg1).

Most dietary non-haem iron is in the insoluble ferric form which is first reduced to ferrous iron by the ferric reductase DcytB (duodenal cytochrome b) located on the brush border surface of duodenal enterocytes. The released iron is then available for absorption, which occurs predominantly in the duodenal segment of the small intestine. ĭuring the digestion of food in the stomach, bound iron is liberated from its matrix via a combination of factors that include gastric acidity, enzymatic action, and the churning action of the stomach muscles established by the specialised oblique muscle layer, which is unique to the stomach. Due to physiological as well as dietary factors, only 1–2 mg of this amount undergoes absorption through the gut enterocyte to become available to the systemic circulation. Assuming a normal human diet, 12–18 mg of iron is ingested daily, mostly in the ferric form (Fe 3+). Iron cannot be synthesised in the human body and is therefore acquired primarily from dietary sources. In males this accounts for approximately 1 mg/day, while it is higher in women due to menstruation-associated blood loss.

LIQUID IRON SUPPLEMENT FLORADIX SKIN

In normal healthy humans, the main source of iron loss is through shedding of skin and sloughed gastrointestinal mucosal cells. Iron is an essential mineral nutrient that has a key physiological role and is required for numerous functions such as oxygen transport, ATP production, and DNA replication. Taken together, our results demonstrate that there are wide-ranging variations in dissolution times and iron uptake from oral iron preparations, with the physical characteristics of the preparation as well as the form of iron playing a key role. Among the solid iron preparations, ferrous sulphate conventional-release tablets demonstrated the highest iron absorption, whereas modified-release ferrous preparations demonstrated uniformly low iron absorption, as compared to the control (P < 0.05). Conventional-release ferrous iron tablets dissolved rapidly (48 ± 4 mins to 64 ± 4 mins), whereas modified-released tablets and capsules took significantly longer to undergo complete dissolution (274 ± 8 to 256 ± 8 mins).

Our experiments revealed wide variations in the rate of dissolution between the various solid iron preparations. We investigated the effects of formulation ingredients at a defined pH on iron uptake and absorption, and designed a novel two-stage dissolution-absorption protocol that mimicked physiological conditions. Intracellular ferritin protein formation by the Caco-2 cell was considered an indicator of cellular iron uptake and absorption. In the present study, we compared iron uptake and absorption from various solid and liquid iron supplement preparations currently available in the United Kingdom using the well-characterised human epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2. The standard treatment involves supplementation with solid or liquid iron supplement preparations, usually based on a ferrous salt such as ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate, or ferrous gluconate. Iron deficiency and related iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) are the most prevalent nutritional disorders worldwide.

Liquid iron supplement floradix